Page 6 - 新思维科学学生用书9 样章
P. 6
How to use this book
1.3 The carbon cycle
3.1 Density
Continued
Continued
After completing an activity, this provides the correct place. For example, if the number is 1, then all the carbon atoms in the air
Self-assessment
move into a green plant, as a result of photosynthesis. If the number is 3, then all the
For each of these statements, decide on how confident you are.
you with the opportunity to either assess carbon atoms in a green plant move into an animal.
Give yourself 5 if you are very confident and 1 if you are not confident at all.
You can keep a record of how many carbon atoms are in each place after each roll of
• I understand how to calculate the volume of a regular object.
the die.
your own work or another student’s work. • I understand how to calculate the volume of an irregular object.
• Questions
I know the equation for density.
• 1 In this model, all the carbon atoms in one place move to another place at the
I can use density to predict whether an object will float or sink in water.
same time. Is that what happens in the real carbon cycle? If not, how could you
3.1 Density
modify this model to make it a better representation? If you can, try out your
This contains questions that ask you Summary checklist
suggestion on your model.
2 Continued
Predict what would happen to the carbon atoms if one of the processes
I can recall what is meant by density.
stopped completely – for example, combustion. If you can, try it out on your
to look back at what you have covered Self-assessment
I can recall the equation for density.
model.
For each of these statements, decide on how confident you are.
I can use the equation for density and can calculate density, mass or volume.
I know how to use density to predict whether an object will float or sink in water.
and encourages you to think about Give yourself 5 if you are very confident and 1 if you are not confident at all.
I understand how to calculate the volume of a regular object.
•
The carbon cycle is a complicated diagram. What can you do to help you to
I understand how to calculate the volume of an irregular object.
•
your learning. remember it?
I know the equation for density.
•
• I can use density to predict whether an object will float or sink in water.
Questions
3 Summary checklist
If you drew a carbon cycle to show what was happening before humans were present on Earth,
This list summarises the important ideas how would it differ from the carbon cycle diagram above? 3 Forces and energy
4 I can recall what is meant by density.esources.
Explain why fossil fuels are non-renewable r
I can recall the equation for density.
that you have learned in the topic. Summary checklist
I can use the equation for density and can calculate density, mass or volume.
Summary checklist
I know how to use density to predict whether an object will float or sink in water.
I know how evaporation can lower the average energy of particles in a liquid.
I can describe the carbon cycle, including photosynthesis, respiration, feeding,
I know how evaporation can cause cooling effects.
decomposition and combustion.
I can explain how these processes affect the concentration of carbon dioxide in
At the end of each unit, there Project: Load lines
the air.
is a group project that you Background
Load lines, sometimes called Plimsoll lines, are
painted on the sides of many ships. The picture TF
can carry out with other shows an example of load lines. F T
The load lines are on the side of a ship, half way
learners. This will involve between the front and the back. S
When cargo or passengers go onto a ship, the ship W
using some of the knowledge goes further down into the water. The load lines WNA 31
95
show how far down a ship can be in water and still
that you developed during be safe. The letters stand for different types of water and different conditions.
Your task
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the unit. Your project might Find out what the letters on the load lines stand for.
Use a block of wood to model a ship. You will prepare different water conditions
involve creating or producing and test how your model floats in each. Your water conditions will model those
shown on the load lines on a ship.
You can then mark load lines on your model.
something, or you might all solve a problem together.
You will also explain how the different water conditions affect how the ship floats.
3 Forces and energy
95
Work in groups.
You can use equipment such as:
These questions look back • Check your progress
a large bucket or deep sink to hold water
a large block of wood to model your ship
•
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salt to add to the water
at some of the content you • • 3.1 Which of these is the correct equation to calculate density? [1]
Give one letter.
a balance to weigh the salt
A
density = weight × volume
• a thermometer to measure the temperature of the water
learnt in each topic in this • a method of heating water.
mass
B
density =
volume
unit. If you can answer C density = volume
mass
D density = weight
volume
these, you are ready to 3.2 Which statements are true about the density of air?
Give two letters. [2] 135
move on to the next unit. A The density of air is 0 g/cm 3 because air has no mass.
B The density of air is less than that of solids because the particles in air
are further apart.
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C The density of air is more than that of liquids because the particles in air
are closer together.
D The density of air is more than that of a vacuum because a vacuum has no
particles.
3.3 An object has a mass of 60 g and a volume of 50 cm 3 .
a Calculate the density of this object. Show your working and give the unit
with your answer. [3]
b The density of water is 1.0 g/cm 3 . Explain whether this object will float
or sink in water. [1] 5
3.4 Two beakers, X and Y, contain water at the same temperature.
Beaker X contains 50 cm 3 water.
Beaker Y contains 100 cm 3 water.
a Explain how the average energy of the particles in beakers X and Y compare. [2]
b Explain how the heat of the water in beakers X and Y compare. [2]
3.5 a State the unit of temperature. [1]
b State the unit of heat. [1]
137
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