Page 5 - 新思维科学学生用书7 样章

How to use this book

How to use this book

Cells
1
1
Cells
This book contains lots of different features that will help your learning. These are explained
below.
1.1 Plant cells
1.1 Plant cells
This list sets out what you will learn in each In this topic you will:
In this topic you will:
begin to learn about cells
•
topic. You can use these points to identify the • begin to learn about cells
•
find out about the parts of a plant cell, and what they do
find out about the parts of a plant cell, and what they do
•
• make a model of a plant cell
make a model of a plant cell
•
important topics for the lesson. • use a microscope to look at plant cells.
use a microscope to look at plant cells.
•
Getting started Key words
Key words
Getting started
1.2 Animal cells
This contains questions or activities to help Plants and animals are living organisms. They are made of units cell
Plants and animals are living organisms. They are made of units
cell
1.2 Animal cells called cells. cell membrane
called cells.
cell membrane
With a partner, think about answers to these questions:
find out what you know already about this With a partner, think about answers to these questions: cell wall
cell wall
How big do you think a cell is?
•
How big do you think a cell is?
•
cellulose
How can we see cells?
In this topic you will: • • How can we see cells? cellulose
topic. • find out how animal cells differ from plant cells • • Can you describe what a cell looks like? chlorophyll
Can you describe what a cell looks like?
chlorophyll
Be ready to share your ideas with the class.
chloroplast
• use a microscope to look at some animal cells. Be ready to share your ideas with the class. chloroplast
cytoplasm
cytoplasm
limitations
limitations
1.3 Specialised cells
Getting started
Important words are highlighted in the text Key word magnify
magnify
There are four parts of a plant cell with names beginning with the stain mitochondria
Questions
mitochondria
when they first appear in the book. You 1 List two things that red blood cells, neurones and ciliated cells have in common. nucleus
letter c.
nucleus
Make a list of these four parts. Think about how you can remember
sap vacuole
2
How can you tell that all of these three cells are animal cells, not plant cells?
what each of the words means.
will find an explanation of the meaning of Activity 1.3.1 sap vacuole
Be ready to share your ideas.
these words in the text. You will also find Structure and function in animal cells
Work with a partner.
definitions of all these words in the Glossary Here is the start of a table that you can use to summarise how each kind of specialised
animal cell is adapted to carry out its function.
and Index at the back of this book. Copy the start of the table onto a piece of paper. Then complete the entries for the
red blood cell.
You could include a small drawing of a red blood cell underneath its name in the first
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6
column.
You will have the opportunity to Next, add entries for a neurone and a ciliated cell. Remember to give your table a title.
When you are ready, copy your completed table onto a large sheet of paper, ready to 2022/7/27 下午 11:14:49
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practise and develop the new skills be displayed.
Name of cell
1 Cells Function of cell Specialised How this helps the
and knowledge that you learn in each structure cell to carry out
its function
topic. Activities will involve answering How have you tried to remember the difference between a cell wall and a cell
Red blood cell
haemoglobin
transports
has haemoglobin
membrane? How successful do you think you have been?
oxygen
carries oxygen
in its cytoplasm
questions or completing tasks.
Think like a scientist
Making a model of a plant cell
Neurone
In this task, you will make a model to represent a plant cell. You will then think about
This provides an opportunity for you to the strengths and limitations (weaknesses) of your model.
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Here is a list of materials and objects you could use to make your model.
practise and develop scientific enquiry • transparent boxes
•
cardboard boxes
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skills with a partner or in groups. • green peas, green beads or green grapes
• transparent food wrap
• empty plastic bags
• purple grapes
• coloured modelling material
In a group of three or four, discuss how you can use some of these materials and 17
objects to make a model of a plant cell. Then make your model.
Be ready to explain your model to others.
Questions
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4 1 Compare your model cell with the models made by other groups.
Are there any features of your model that are better than those in the other
groups’ models?
Are there any features of other groups’ models that are better than yours?
2 Discuss how well your model cell represents a real plant cell.
eyepiece
Microscopes fine focussing knob
coarse focussing knob
Scientists who study living organisms high-power objective lens
often use microscopes to help them medium-power objective lens
to see very small things. low-power objective lens
microscope stage
The diagram shows a microscope.
Look at a real microscope and find mirror
all of these parts on it.
A microscope
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